Appendix C. Glossary
"What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet." �William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet
- American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
A format for text display that consists of a set of 128 characters.
- associative array
An array whose keys are strings rather than integers (sometimes referred to as a "hash" or "hash table").
- BASE64
An encoding scheme for representing any type of data as ASCII text, so that it may be easily transmitted across the Internet.
- callback function
A function registered with the SAX parser as the handler for a specific type of event.
- case folding
In the context of an XML document, converting element names to uppercase to make them more consistent.
- Cocoon
A Java-based content publishing framework, with support for a variety of different data sources (including XML and databases).
- Component Object Model (COM)
A component-based software architecture model for integrated, reusable client and server objects.
- deserialization
The process of converting a serialized object back into its original representation. In the context of WDDX, the process of converting a WDDX packet into language-specific data structures.
- Document Object Model (DOM)
A tree-based approach to XML processing.
- Document Type Definition (DTD)
A document specifying conformance rules for an XML document to be considered valid.
- entity reference
A text string that serves as the placeholder for an entity (for example, the string < serves as a placeholder for the less-than symbol <).
- Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)
A language used to format and present XML data. The language consists of three components: XPath, XSLT, and XSL-FO.
- external entity
An entity whose definition exists in a different file.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
A protocol for transferring files over the Internet.
- GNU General Public License (GPL)
A software license that allows developers to easily share, modify, and reuse free software.
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
A protocol for reading email on a remote server (without first having to download it to your local machine).
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Software that interfaces between Java bytecode and a specific hardware platform.
- Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
A variant of the GPL that allows derivative products to use alternate licenses (whereas works based on a GPL project will always remain under the terms of the GPL).
- location path
An XPath address that consists of axes, node tests, and predicates.
- Microsoft Component Object Model
- See [Component Object Model (COM)]
- named buffer
A storage area in memory that is accessible by name.
- node
A branch or leaf in the XML document tree.
- Portable Document Format (PDF)
A standard file format for electronic documents popularized by Adobe Systems, Inc.
- Post Office Protocol (POP)
An Internet protocol for downloading email to your local machine.
- processing instruction (PI)
Information or command embedded within an XML document.
- RedHat Package Manager (RPM)
An open software packaging system designed to simplify software distribution and updates.
- Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
An application designed to administer a series of linked, or related, databases and tables.
- Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
A client-server architecture for invoking remote procedures across a network.
- Resource Description Framework (RDF)
An XML-based metadata language designed to describe content on the World Wide Web.
- Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
An XML-based language for describing vector graphics.
- serialization
The process of converting an object into a byte stream suitable for transmission or storage. In the context of WDDX, the process of converting a data structure into a WDDX packet.
- Simple API for XML (SAX)
An event-based interface to XML processing.
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
A protocol for sending email.
- Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
An emerging W3C standard for XML-based information exchange.
- SMIL
- See [Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL)]
- source encoding
Character encoding used by PHP when parsing an XML document.
- Standardized General Markup Language (SGML)
A standard for the creation of markup languages.
- Structured Query Language (SQL)
A standard, widely used programming language to access and manipulate database records.
- stylesheet
A set of rules or templates that define the formatting and appearance of a document.
- SVG
- See [Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)]
- Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL)
A markup language used for synchronized multimedia presentations.
- target encoding
Character encoding used by callback functions when parsing the XML data passed to them.
- unparsed entity
An entity that references data (usually binary data) that should not be processed by the parser.
- Web Distributed Data Exchange (WDDX)
An XML-based technology for data transfer over the Web.
- Web Standards Description Language (WSDL)
An XML-based language for describing network services.
- Wireless Markup Language (WML)
A presentation language for handheld devices (PDAs, cellular phones, and so on) that is similar to HTML.
- XML-RPC
A protocol for encoding RPC requests and decoding RPC responses using XML.
- XML Schema
A blueprint for a specific "class" of XML documents that is similar to (though far more powerful than) a Document Type Definition (DTD).
- XPath
A language for accessing different parts of an XML document, usually on the basis of specific user-defined criteria. XPath is a part of the W3C's XSL specification.
- XSL
- See [Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)]
- XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO)
A language that specifies formatting information for an XSLT result tree (most often used for printable documents). XSL-FO is a part of the W3C's XSL specification.
- XSL Transformations (XSLT)
A language that specifies the rules whereby an XML source tree is converted into a new result tree. XSLT is a part of the W3C's XSL specification.
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